HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME
Background: The metabolic syndrome has a considerable prevalence, is associated with the increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and thus remains a substantial challenge for public health and clinical medicine. Studies on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and hematologic parameters represent a considerable interest for research.
The aim of this study is to examine associations between hematological parameters (hematocrit, red blood cell, white blood cell and platelet counts) and metabolic syndrome among adults in Turkestan, South Kazakhstan region.
Methods: A cross-sectional study including 965 adults registered at the polyclinic of the International Kazakh-Turkish University was performed. The final sample consisted of 839 patients with valuable data on both blood parameters and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome and hematological parameters were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Tests for linear trends across the quartiles of each hematological parameter were also performed. Age, smoking and alcohol consumption were included in the model as potential confounders.
Results: Positive association between hematocrit (OR = 1.66; 95% ДИ: 0.82; 3.34; р <0.001 for trend), the counts of red blood cells (OR = 2.31; 95% ДИ: 1.20; 4.48; р for trend=0.022), the counts of white blood cell (OR =1.96; 95% ДИ: 1.07; 3.57; р =0.012 for trend) and the metabolic syndrome in women. Among men was found positive association between the level of hematocrit (OR = 1.88; 95 % ДИ: 0.64; 5.57; р <0.001 for trend) and the presence of MS.
Conclusions: Our results are generally in line with the international evidence. Women with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of hematocrit, red blood cell and white blood cell counts, while men with metabolic syndrome had higher level of hematocrit only.
K. Z. Sadykova 1, Z. S. Shalkharova 2, Z. N. Shalkharova 1,
G. O. Nuskabaeva 1, A. M. Grjibovski 1,3-5
1 International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan;
2 Kazakh Medical University of Continuous Education, Almaty, Kazakhstan;
3 Department of International Public Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health,
Oslo, Norway;
4 Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia;
5 North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia.
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5. Aderibigbe O.R., Pisa P.T., Vorster H.H., Kruger S.H. The relationship between iron status and adiposity in women from developing countries: a review. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr. 2014, 54(5), pp. 553-60.
6. Ervin R.B. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index: United States, 2003-2006 . Natl. Health Stat. Report. 2009, 5(13), pp. 1-7.
7. Gami A.S., Witt B.J., Howard D.E. et al. Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident cardiovascular events and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2007, 49(4), pp. 403-414.
8. International Diabetes Federation. The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. Available at: http://www.idf.org/webdata/docs/IDF_Metasyndrome_definition.pdf (accessed 24.08.2005).
9. Kawamoto R., Tabara Y., Kohara K., Miki T., Kusunoki T., Abe M., Katoh T. Hematological parameters are associatd with metabolic syndrome in Japanese community-dwelling persons. Endocrine. 2013, 43(2), pp. 334–341.
10. Kim J. A., Choi Y.S., Hong J.I., Kim S.H., Jung H.H., Kim S.M. Association of metabolic syndrome with white blood cell subtype and red blood cells. Endocr. J. 2006, 53(1), pp.133–139.
11. Kim J. H., Bae H.Y., Kim S.Y. Clinical marker of platelet hyperreactivity in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. J. 2013, 37(6), pp. 423-8.
12. Kotani K., Sakane N., Kurozawa Y. Increased Red Blood Cells in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Endocr. J. 2006, 53, pp. 713–714.
13. Lakka M.H., Laaksonen D. E., Lakka T.A. et al. The metabolic syndrome and total cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002, 288 ( 21), pp. 2709-2716.
14. Lohsoonthorn V., Jiamjarasrungsi W., Williams M.A. Association of hematological parameters with clustered components of metabolic syndrome among professional and office workers in Bangkok, Thailand. Diabetes Metab. Clin. Res. Rev. 2007, 1(3), pp. 143–149.
15. Mardi T., Toker S., Melamed S., Shirom A., Zeltser D., Shapira I., Berliner S., Rogowski O. Increased erythropoiesis and subclinical inflammation as part of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2005, 69(3), pp. 249–255.
16. Miyagawa S., Kobayashi M., Konishi N., Sato T., Ueda K. Insulin and insulinlike growth factor I support the proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow through the sharing of receptors. Br. J. Haematol. 2000, 109(3), pp. 555–562.
17. Nebeck K., Gelaye B., Lemma S., Berhane Y., Bekele T., Khali A., Haddis Y., Williams M.A. Hematological parameters and metabolic syndrome: findings from an occupational cohort in Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab. Clin. Res. Rev. 2012, 6(1), pp. 22–27.
18. Park B.J., Shim J.Y., Lee H.R., Jung D.H., Lee J.H., Lee Y.J. The relationship of platelet count, mean platelet volume with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists: a focus on gender differences. Platelets. 2012, 23(1), pp. 45-50.
19. Qiao Q. The DECODE Study Group. Comparison of different definitions of the metabolic syndrome in relation to cardiovascular mortality in European men and women. Diabetologia. 2006, 49, pp. 2837–2846.
20. Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N. Engl J. Med. 1999, 340, pp. 115–26.
21. Tabara Y., et al. Association of hematological parameters with insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, and asymptomatic cerebrovascular damage: the J-SHIP and Toon Health Study. Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc. 2013, 55(3), pp. 297-311.
22. Tamariz L.J., Young J.H., Pankow J.S., Yeh H.C., Schmidt M.I., Astor B., Brancati F.L. Blood viscosity and hematocrit as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008, 168(10), pp. 1153-60.
23. Tao L.X., Li X., Zhu H.P., Huo D., Zhou T., Pan L., Luo Y.X., Wang W., Wang Z.P.,Chen D.N., Wu L.J., Guo X.H. Association of hematological parameters with metabolic syndrome in Beijing adult population: a longitudinal study. Endocrine. 2014, 46(3), pp. 485-95.
24. Wang Y.Y., Lin S.Y., Liu P.H., Cheung B.M.H., Lai W.A. Association between hematological parameters and metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population. J. Diabetes Complications. 2004, 18(6), pp. 322–327.
25. Wei Y., Liu G., Yang J., Zheng R., Jiang L., Bao P. The association between metabolic syndrome and vascular endothelial dysfunction in adolescents. Exp. Ther. Med. 2013, 5(6), pp. 1663–1666.
26. Wu S., Lin H., Zhang C., Zhang Q., Zhang D., Zhang Y., Meng W., Zhu Z., Tang F., Xue F, Liu Y. Association between erythrocyte parameters and metabolic syndrome in urban Han Chinese a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2013, 21, pp. 13-989.
27. Zaccardi F., Rocca B., Pitocco D., Tanese L., Rizzi A., Ghirlanda G. Platelet mean volume, distribution width, and count in type 2 diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 2015, 31(4), pp. 402-10.
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Sadykova K. Z., Shalkharova Z. S., Shalkharova Z. N., Nuskabaeva G. O., Grjibovski A. M. Hematological indicators and metabolic syndrome. Nauka i Zdravoohranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2015, 6, pp. 42-54.Related publications:
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