THE INFLUENCE OF PROLONGED JAUNDICE ON INFANT’S NEURIDEVELOPMENT. REVIEW
Introduction. Nowadays publications on the frequency of prolonged jaundice in full-term are becoming published more frequently, which dictates a more detailed study of the possible long-term effects of damage to the infant’s CNS, in addition to the previous studies of bilirubin encephalopathy, kernicterus and Cerebral Palsy (CP). Purpose: Analysis of modern literature and probable clinical variants of neurodevelopment disorders of infants who had prolonged jaundice. Search strategy: According to the materials of this article, there were studied 28 English and Russian data from the databases PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, e-library, ciberleninka.ru, dissercat.com. and 7 publications from other open sources des-cribing the course and outcome of prolonged neonatal jaundice. The original full-text articles describing the clinical aspects of this problem in mature infants were analyzed and reviewed over the past 25 years. Summary of reports, newspaper articles and personal messages, as well as full-text articles describing the course and outcomes of neonatal jaundice in premature infants were excluded from the analysis. In the bases used, 581 publications were found, of which only 28 articles and 7 publications from other open sources met the inclusion criteria, probably due to the rare frequency of prolonged jaundice in developed countries. Results: The literature review covers the results of retrospective, prospective, and case-control studies of the course and outcomes of prolonged jaundice or severe hyperbilirubinemia, the Guidelines for the management of neonatal jaundice of the American Academy of Pediatrics, NICE, monographs and abstracts of the authors of neighboring countries and Kazakhstan were reviewed. The data on the outcomes of prolonged jaundice in the form of development of sensorineural hearing loss, decreased intelligence, emotional-volitional disorders, and physical and psychomotor development were found. Conclusions: Prolonged jaundice is characteristic of middle and low-income countries. Etiological factors of prolonged jaundice have national and country characteristics. Belonging to the Asian population is a risk factor for the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia. Prolonged jaundice affects all organs and systems of the child. Maintaining the National Registry of hyperbilirubinemia and adherence to the recommendations of NICE or the American Academy of Pediatrics significantly improve the prognosis. It is necessary to teach future mothers about the first signs of the pathological course of neonatal jaundice.
Zhannat V. Rakisheva¹, Marzhan M. Lepesova¹ ¹ Kazakh Medical University of Continuing Education (KazMUCE), Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Community-based parent-delivered early detection and intervention programme for infants at high risk of cerebral palsy in a low-resource country (Learning through Everyday Activities with Parents (LEAP-CP): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2018; 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021186 (19.05.2019) 20. Betul Acunaş, et al. Turkish Neonatal Society guideline for the follow-up of high-risk newborn infants. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2018; 53(Suppl 1): P.180-195 21. Chiara Greco et al. Neonatal Jaundice in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Lessons and Future Directions from the 2015 Don Ostrow Trieste Yellow Retreat. Neonatology. 2016;110: P.172–180 22. Hayder Al-Momen et al. Prediction of Death in Neonatal Seizures in Iraq. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2018. P.246-249 23. Julia Ballester-Plane. Beyond the motor impairment in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: neuropsycho-logical and connectome based approach. Dissertation. Universitat de Barcelona.2018. P. 127 www.tdx.cat (19.05.2019) 24. Kwame Emmanuel Tender. Risk factors for sever hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice) among neonates in Accra. Dissertation University of Ghana. 2018. P.122 http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh (19.05.2019) 25. Lie K., Groholt E., Eskild A.. Association of cerebral palsy with Apgar score in low and normal birthweight infants: population based cohort study. BMJ. October 2010. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c4990 (19.05.2019) 26. Liao et al. Predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes for at-risk infants: reliability and predictive validity using a Chinese version of the INFANIB at 3, 7 and 10 months. BMC Pediatrics. 2012. 12: 72 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-12-72 27. Morgan et al. Optimising motor learning in infants at high risk of cerebral palsy: a pilot study. BMC Pediatrics. 2015. 15: 30 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-015-0347-2 (19.05.2019) 28. Narasimhappa M. Gundur et al. Natural history and predictive risk factors of prolonged unconjugated jaundice in the newborn. Pediatrics International. 2010. №52. P.769-772 29. Neonatal jaundice. Clinical Guideline. May 2010. Funded to produce guidelines for the NHS by NICE. P.525 www.rcog.org.uk (19.05.2019) 30. Prasad Advappa Parvathamma et al.Three-year experience with prolonged neonatal jaundice screening in a district general hospital. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2017. №4(1). P.1-4 31. Stephen Hoff et al. Safety and Effectiveness of Cochlear Implantation of Young Children, Including Those With Complicating conditions. Otology & Neurotology, Vol. 40, No. 4, 2019. P. 454–463 32. Tanzila Chrowdhury et al.Does UTI case prolonged jaundice in otherwise well infants? Eur J Pediatr. 2015. №174. P.971-974 33. Vijay Agrawal et al. Different causes of prolonged unconjugated Jaundice in the newborns. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2017. №4(3). P.984-988 34. Wallander et al. Brain Reseach to Ameliorate Impaired Neurodevelopment-Home-based Intervention Trial (BRAIN-HIT). BMC Pediatrics. 2010. 10: 27 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-10-27 (19.05.2019). 35. Wu et al. Risk for Cerebral Palsy in Infants with Total Serum Bilirubin Levels at or Above the Exchange Transfusion Threshold. JAMA Pediatr. 2015; 169(3): P.239-246.
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Rakisheva Zh.V., Lepesova M.M. The influence of prolonged jaundice оn infant’s neuridevelopment. Review. Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2019, (Vol.21) 3, pp. 45-53.

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