OBESITY, DIABETES MELLITUS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION - GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF MODERN SOCIETY. REVIEW
Relevance: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) occupy a leading position in the causes of mortality in the world. The most common non-communicable diseases include cardiovascular diseases (CVD), oncological diseases, chronic lung diseases and diabetes mellitus. According to WHO [4], every year more than 15 million people die fr om NCDs between the ages of 30 and 69. Diabetes mellitus, obesity and arterial hypertension are currently commensurate with the epidemic proportion and are a global medical and social problem of modern society, which prevalence rate is rapidly progressing. According to WHO estimates, by 2025, one in five adults in the world will be obese. The epidemiology and frequency of many chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, depend on many factors, including the peculiarities of geographical and socio-economic living conditions [1,4]. According to WHO, arterial hypertension is one of the most common chronic nonspecific human diseases, which account for 30% of all deaths in general [54]. A wide range of overweight-associated diseases that carry a high risk of early disability and premature mortality determines the social significance of this pathology. The aim of the study is to conduct a systematic search for scientific information about socially significant diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Search strategy: The review of scientific publications was carried out in the databases PubMed, ResearchGate, GoogleScholar. In total, 753 literary sources were found, wh ere 96 of such sousrces were selected for analysis. Inclusion criteria: full-text articles published in English and Russian, search depth since 1990. Exclusion criteria: duplication or repetition of information. Publications in the media, sources earlier than 1990. Results: Obesity and hypertension are the most common chronic diseases among the population. In all countries, across adults and children, there is a progressive increase in obesity, in all age groups. Nowadays, more than 1.5 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension, with more than 150 million of them living in Central and Eastern Europe. In large-scale population studies, it was revealed that about 45% of sick people did not know that they had high blood pressure numbers before complications occurred. Diabetes mellitus is the significant risk factors for severe and complicated course of both infectious and non-communicable diseases. Conclusion. According to present knowledge, there are no clear data on the state of the problem of obesity, diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Therefore there are required more detailed study of this problem, which is a strategically important task of healthcare.
Alma U. Nurtazina1, Gulsym K. Koshpesova1, Bakytbek A. Apsalikov1*, Evgenia V. Korostova1, Bayan A. Ainabekova2, Yelena A. Rib2, Farida U. Nildibaeva3, Dinara N. Sheryazdanova3, Victoria F. Parakhina3, Mukhtar B. Kulimbet4,5, Ildar R. Fakhradiyev4, Akmaral М. Baspakova6, Lazzat M. Zhamaliyeva6, Timur Saliev4 1 NCJSC "Semey Medical University", Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan; 2 NCJSC "Astana Medical University", Nur-sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan; 3 NCJSC "Karaganda Medical University", Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan; 4 Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan; 5 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan; 6 West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
1. Аметов А.С., Демидова Т.Ю., Целиковская А.Л. Ожирение и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания // Тер. архив. 2001. № 8. С. 66–69. 2. Беркинбаев С.Ф., Джунусбекова Г.А., Мусагалиева А.Т. и др. Современная система эпидемиологического мониторинга у больных сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями // Medicine (Almaty). 2016. No.5 (167). P. 2-8. 3. Бойцов С.А., Драпкина О.М., Шляхто Е.В. и др. Исследование ЭССЕ-РФ (Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и их факторов риска в регионах Российской Федерации). Десять лет спустя. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2021. 20(5):3007. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2021-3007 4. Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения: Профили сахарного диабета в странах. Женева. 2015 г. 144 с. 5. Гончарик И.И. Распространенность ожирения среди взрослого населения, проживающего в районах, загрязненных радионуклидами // Здрав. Беларуси. 2017. № 8. С. 4–6. 6. Европейская хартия по борьбе с ожирением. Европейская министерская конференция ВОЗ по борьбе с ожирением, Стамбул, Турция 15-17 ноября 2006 г. 7. Ерина А.М., Ротарь О.П., Солнцев В.Н., и др. Эпидемиология артериальной гипертензии в Российской Федерации – важность выбора критериев диагностики. Кардиология. 2019;59(6):5-11. https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2019.6.2595 8. Ефимов А.С., Карабун П.М., Эпштейн Е.В. Ожирение и сахарный диабет // Киев.: Здоровья, 2013. С. 141-142 с. 9. Здоровье населения Республики Казахстан и деятельность организации здравоохранения в 2001-2018 г.г», Стат. сборники. Нур-Султан, 2002-2019 г.г. 10. Кобалава Ж.Д., Конради А.О., Недогода С.В. и др. Меморандум экспертов Российского кардиологичес-кого общества по рекомендациям Европейского общества кардиологов/Европейского общества по артериальной гипертензии по лечению артериальной гипертензии 2018 г. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2018;23(12):131-42] DOI: 10.15829/1560-4071-2018-12-131-142. 11. Кобалава Ж.Д. Артериальная гипертония и ожирение: случайная ассоциация или причинно-следственная связь // Клин. фармакол. 2000. № 3. С.35-39. 12. Крысанова В.С., Журавлева М.В., Дралова О.В., Рогачева О.А., Каменева Т.Р. Проблема ожирения и избыточной массы тела в Российской Федерации и ее фармакоэкономическая оценка // Альманах клинической медицины. 2015. С. 36-41. 13. Мельниченко Г.А., Романцева Т.И. Ожирение: эпидемиология, классификация, патогенез, клиническая симптоматика и диагностика. М.: МИА; 2004. С.456-457. 14. Министерство Здравоохранения Республики Казахстан cтатистический сборник “Здоровье населения Республики Казахстан и деятельность организаций здравоохранения в 2019 году”. Нур-Султан. 2020. С15. 15. Мостовая Л.А., Петраш С.П. Ожирение у детей и подростков. Киев.: Здоровья, 2012. С. 160-161. 16. Общенациональное исследование состояния питания населения (15-80 лет) Республики Казахстан. Казахская академия питания, Программа развития ООН. Алматы: 2001. - 227 с. 17. Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты. Под редакцией Дедова И.И., Мельниченко Г.А. Медицинское информационное агентство. Москва, 2018. С. 16-21. 18. Профилактика избыточного масса тела и ожирения (Модуль 2) Тажибаев Ш.С., Балгимбеков Ш.А., Кайнарбаева М.С. Алматы. 2019. С. 32-34. 19. Оганов Р.Г., Тимофеева Т.Н., Колтунов И.Е. и др. Эпидемиология артериальной гипертонии в России. Результаты федерального мониторинга 2003-2010 гг. // Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2011. 10(1). 20. Разина А.О., Ачкасов Е.Е., Руненко С.Д. Ожирение: современный взгляд на проблему // Ожирение и метаболизм. 2016. Т.13. №1. С. 3-8. 21. Разина А.О., Руненко С.Д., Ачкасов Е.Е, Проблема ожирения: современные тенденции в России и в мире // Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. 2016. С.154-159. 22. Сейсембеков Т.З., Нургалиева Н.К., Жусупова А.С. и др. Сердечно-сосудистая заболеваемость и смертность взрослого населения г. Астана // Медицина (Алматы). 2018. №11 (197). С. 28 – 35. 23. Соболева Н.П. Биоимпедансный скрининг населения России в центрах здоровья: распространенность избыточной массы тела и ожирения // Российский медицинский журнал. 2014. C. 4-13. 24. Статистический сборник «Здоровье населения РК и деятельность организаций здравоохранения в 2011-2019 годах». Астана. 2012-2020 г. 25. Терехин С.П., Ахметова С.В., Молотов-Лучанский В.Б., Проблема неинфекционных алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний в современном мире // Медицина и экология. 2018. №2 (87). 26. Токтарова Н.Н., Базарбекова Р.Б., Досанова А.К. Распространенность сахарного диабета 2 типа среди взрослого населения Казахстана (результаты регистрового национального исследования NOMAD) // Медицина. 2017. № 6(180). С. 43-51. 27. Шарманов Т.Ш. Питание – важнейший фактор здоровья человека. Алматы: 2010. С. 480-482. 28. Шарманов Т.Ш., Тажибаев Ш.С., Балгимбеков Ш.А. Руководство по профилактике избыточной массы тела и ожирения. Алматы. 2012. С. 84-85. 29. Эпидемиологический мониторинг детского ожирения и факторов, его формирующих, в Республике Казахстан. Национальный отчет. 2019-2020 гг. С.220. 30. Altun B., Arici M., Zoglu G.N., et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Turkey (the PatenT study) in 2003 // J Hypertension 2005; 23: 1817-23. 31. Ardizzi A., Grugni G., Moro D. et al. Frends in obesity differences by educational level in Spain // J Clin Epidemiol. 2006. Vol. 49, № 3. Р. 351–354. 32. Ashwell M. The health of the nation target for obesity // Int. J. Obes. 2014. Vol.18. P. 837-840. 33. Bastard J., Maachi M., Lagathu C., et al. Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance // Eur Cytokine Netw. 2017; 17(1):4-12. 34. Ben Q., Xu M., Ning X., Liu J. et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Cancer. 2011 Sep;47(13):1928-37. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.03.003. Epub 2011 Mar 31. PMID: 21458985. 35. Bessesen D.H., Kushner R. Evaluation & Management of Obesity. Center for Obesity Research and Education // Philadelphia: Hanley&Belfus; 2002. 239-240 p. 36. Biddle S., García Bengoechea E. et al. Screen Time, Other Sedentary Behaviours, and Obesity Risk in Adults: A Review of Reviews // Curr Obes Rep. 2018;6(2):134-47. 37. Branca F., Nikogosian H., Lobstein T. The challenge of obesity in the WHO European region and strategies of response: summary. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. 2007. С. 15. 38. Bray G.A., Blakburn G.L., Ferguson J.M. et al. Sibutramine produces dose-related weight loss // Obesity Res., 2019.7: P. 189-198. 39. Contaldo F., Pasanisi F. Obesity epidemics: simple or simplicistic answers? // ClinNutr. 2005;24(1):1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.10.005. 40. Conway B., Rene A. Obesity as a disease: no lightweight matter // Obes Rev. 2004 Aug; 5(3):145-51. 41. DECODE Study Group, the European Diabetes Epidemiology Group. Glucose tolerance and cardiovascular mortality: comparison of fasting and 2-hour diagnostic criteria. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Feb 12; 161(3):397-405. doi: 10.1001/archinte.161.3.397. 42. Diabetes as a risk factor for severe exacerbation and death in patients with COPD: a prospective cohort study Maria T Castañ-Abad, Josep Montserrat-Capdevila, Pere Godoy, Josep R Marsal, Marta Ortega, Miquel Alsedà, Ferran Barbé. Affiliations expand PMID: 31951259 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz219 43. Expert panel report: Guidelines (2019) for the management of overweight and obesity in adults // Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019;22 Suppl 2:S41-S410. 44. Facts on obesity. WHO URL: http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/index l.html (дата обращения: 2021) 45. Flores R. Dance for health: improving fitness in African American and Hispanic adolescents // Public Health Rep. 2005;110(2):189-193. 46. Forbes G.B., Reina J.C. Adult lean body mass decline with age: some longitudinal observations // Metabolism. 2019 19:653-63. 47. Frühbeck G., Toplak H. et al. Obesity: The Gateway to ill Health — an EASO Position Statement on a Rising Public Health, Clinical and Scientific Challenge in Europe // Obes Facts 2013; 6(2): 117-120. 48. Garvey W., Garber A.J., Mechanick J.I., Bray G.A. et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists and American college of endocrinology position statement on the 2014 advanced framework for a new diagnosis of obesity as a chronic disease // Endocr. Pract. 2014. Vol. 20, N 9. P. 977-989. 49. Guenard F., Houde A., Bouchard L., et al. Association of LIPA gene polymorphisms with obesity-related metabolic complications among severely obese patients // Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019;20(10):2075-2082 50. Guénard F., Houde A., Bouchard L. et al. Association of LIPA gene polymorphisms with obesity-related metabolic complications among severely obese patients // Obesity. 2012; 20 (10): 2075—82. 51. Hellmich N. Obesity linked to specific cancers // USA TODAY, 2009; 11. 05. 52. Hemmingsson E. Early Childhood Obesity Risk Factors: Socioeconomic Adversity, Family Dysfunction, Offspring Distress, and Junk Food Self-Medication // Curr Obes Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):204-209. 53. Huang Y., Cai X., Qiu M. et al. Prediabetes and the risk of cancer: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2014 Nov; 57(11):2261-9. doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3361-2. Epub 2014 Sep 11. PMID: 25208757. 54. Huang Y., Wang S., Cai X., Mai W., Hu Y., Tang H. et al. Prehypertension and incidence of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. BMC Medicine. 2013;11(1):177. DOI:10.1186/1741-7015-11-177. 55. International Diabetes Federation: IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition. 2019. 176 p World Health Organization: Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020. Geneva. 2016. 55 р. 56. James WPT. The epidemiology of obesity: the size of the problem // J Intern Med. 2008;263(4):336-352. doi: 10.1111/j. 1365-2796.2008.01922x. 57. Jill J. Obesity and the Heart // JAMA 2013; 310(19): 2113. 58. Konsensus po diagnostike i lecheniyu sakharnogo diabeta, MZSR RK, ROO AVEK, izdaniye 4 [5 Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus, MZRD RK, ROO AVEC, edition 4]. Almaty; 2016. P. 64. 59. Kumar A., Arora A., Sharma P. et al. Is diabetes mellitus associated with mortality and severity of COVID-19? A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Jul-Aug;14(4):535-545. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.044. Epub 2020 May 6. PMID: 32408118; PMCID: PMC7200339. 60. Lam D., Garfield A., Marston O., et al. Brain serotonin system in the coordination of food intake and body weight // Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2019;97(1):84-91. 61. Lean M.E.J., Han T.S., Deurenberg P. Predicting body composition by densitometry from simple anthropometric measurements // Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;63:4-14. 62. Lee J.Y., Jeon I., Lee J.M., Yoon J.M., Park S.M. Diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor for lung cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Cancer. 2013 Jul;49(10):2411-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.02.025. 63. Liao C., Zhang D., Mungo C., Tompkins D.A., Zeidan A.M. Is diabetes mellitus associated with increased incidence and disease-specific mortality in endometrial cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Gynecol Oncol. 2014 Oct; 135(1):163-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.07.095. 64. Messerli F.H., Rimoldi S.F., Bangalore S. Changing definition of hypertension in guidelines: how innocent a number game? // European Heart Journal. 2018;39(24):2241–2. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx806. 65. Montanari T., Pošćić N., Colitti M. Factors involved in white-to-brown adipose tissue conversion and in thermogenesis: a review // Obes Rev. 2017;18(5):495-513. 66. National Health and Medical Research Council. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of overweight and obesity in adults, adolescents and children: draft clinical practice guidelines for primary healthcare professionals // Canberra: NHMRC; 2013. 67. National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, North American Association for the Study of Obesity. The practical guide: identification, education and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. NIH Publication; 2005. 68. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19*2 million participants // Lancet. 2016. Vol.387. P.1377-1396. 69. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4*4 million participants // Lancet. 2016. Vol.387. P. 1513-1530. 70. Norgan N.G., Jones P.R.M. The effect of standardizing the body mass index for relative sitting height. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2015;19:206-8 71. Obesity and overweight. Report of a WHO. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight, 72. Ong K.L., Cheung B.M., Man Y.B., et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension Among United States Adults 1999-2004//Hypertension 2007. 49:69-75. 73. Ong K.L., Cheung B.M., Man Y.B., et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension Among United States Adults 1999-2004. Hypertension 2007; 49: 69-75. 74. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2015 (Technical Report Series, No. 854):329. 75. Pouliot M.C., Després J.P., Lemieux S., et al. Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women // Am J Cardiol. 2004.73:460-8. 76. Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic of Obesity. Report of a WHO Consultation on Obesity. Geneva: WHO Technical Report Series; 2007. 894-895 p. 77. Rolland-Cachera M.F., Cole T.J., Sempé M., et al. Body mass index variations – centiles from birth to 87 years // Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001;45:13-21. 78. Ross R., Léger L., Morris D., et al. Quantification of adipose tissue by MRI: relationship with anthropometric variables // J Appl Physiol. 2012 ;72:787-95. 79. Stern M. Epidemiology of obesity and its link to heart disease // Metabolism. – 2010. Vol. 44, № 9. Р. 1–3. 80. The Diabetes-Cancer Link Karen K. Collins, M.S., RDN, CDN Diabetes Spectrum 2014 Nov; 27(4): 276-280. https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.27.4.276 81. Waeber B. Treatment strategy to control blood pressure optimal in hypertensive patients // Blood Pressure 2001; 10: 62-73. 82. Wang L., Southerland J., Wang K., Bailey B.A., Alamian A., Stevens M.A., Wang Y. Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors for Obesity among Adults in California, the United States // J Obes. 2017;2017:2427483. 83. Ward Z.J., Long M.W., Resch S.C. et al. Simulation of growth trajectories of childhood obesity into adulthood // N Engl J Med. 2017;377(22):2145. 84. WHO 2021. Noncommunicable diseases. Key facts. (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases, accessed 2 October 2021. 85. WHO Obesity and Overweight. Geneva. www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/ru 86. Williams B., Mancia G., Spiering W., et al. ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension // European Heart Journal. 2018;39(33):3021–104. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339 87. Wolf-Maier K., Cooper R., Banegas J., et al. Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in European Countries, Canada, and the United States // JAMA 2003; 289: 2363-9. 88. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: WHO. 2020. 89. World Health Organization: Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases 2013-2020. Geneva. 2016. 55р. 90. World Health Organization: Global report on diabetes. – Geneva. – 2016. – 88р. 91. Yeo G., Heisler L. Unraveling the brain regulation of appetite: lessons from genetics // Nat Neurosci. 2017;15(10):1343-9 92. Zhang Y, Wang S. Differences in development and the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in different socioeconomic status districts in Shandong, China // Ann Hum Biol. 2012;39(4):290-296. 93. Zhao G., Ford E.S., Li C., et al. Waist circumference, abdominal obesity, and depression among overweight and obese U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 // BMC Psychiatry. 2011; 11(1): 130. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-11-130. 94. Zheng W., McLerran D., Rolland B., et al. Association between body-massindex and risk of death in more than 1 million Asians // N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 719-29. 95. Zhi C., Huang J., Wang J., et al. Connection between gut microbiome and the development of obesity // Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019. C.1987-1998. 96. Zhou B., Bentham J., Di Cesare M., et al. Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19•1 million participants // The Lancet. 2017; 389(10064):37-55. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5. References [1-29]: 1. Ametov A.S., Demidova T.Yu., Tselikovskaya A.L. Ozhirenie i serdechno-sosudistye zabolevaniya [Obesity and cardiovascular disease] Ter. arkhiv [Ter. Archive]. 2001. № 8. pp. 66–69. [in Russian] 2. Berkinbaev S.F., Dzhunusbekova G.A., Musagalieva A.T., et al. Sovremennaya sistema epidemiologicheskogo monitoringa u bol'nykh serdechno-sosudistymi zabolevaniyami [Modern system of epidemiological monitoring in patients with cardiovascular diseases]. Meditsina [Medicine]. 2016. No. 5 (167). pp. 2-8. [in Russian] 3. Boitsov S.A., Drapkina O.M., Shlyakhto E.V., et al. Issledovanie ESSE-RF (Epidemiologiya serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii i ikh faktorov riska v regionakh Rossiiskoi Federatsii). Desyat' let spustya. [ESSE-RF study (Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the regions of the Russian Federation). Ten years later] Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika [Cardiovascular therapy and prevention]. 2021. 20(5):3007. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2021-3007. [in Russian] 4. Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya: Stranovyye profili sakharnogo diabeta. [World Health Organization: Country profiles of diabetes mellitus]. - Geneva. - 2015 - 144 p. [in Russian] 5. Goncharik I.I. Rasprostranennost' ozhireniya sredi vzroslogo naseleniya, prozhivayushchego v raionakh, zagryaznennykh radionuklidami [The prevalence of obesity among the adult population living in areas contaminated with radionuclides]. Zdrav. Belarusi [Health Belarus]. 2017. № 8. pp. 4–6. [in Russian] 6. Evropeiskaya khartiya po bor'be s ozhireniem. Evropeiskaya ministerskaya konferentsiya VOZ po bor'be s ozhireniem [European Charter against Obesity. WHO European Ministerial Conference on Counteracting Obesity]. Stambul, Turtsiya [Istanbul, Turkey]. 15-17 noyabrya 2006 g. [in Russian] 7. Erina A.M., Rotar' O.P., Solntsev V.N., et al. Epidemiologiya arterial'noi gipertenzii v Rossiiskoi Federatsii – vazhnost' vybora kriteriev diagnostiki [Epidemiology of arterial hypertension in the Russian Federation - the importance of choosing diagnostic criteria] Kardiologiya [Cardiology]. 2019; 59(6):5-11. https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2019.6.2595 [in Russian] 8. Efimov A.S., Karabun P.M., Epshtein E.V. Ozhirenie i sakharnyi diabet [Obesity and diabetes mellitus]. [Kiev. Health]. 2013. S. 141-142. [in Russian] 9. Zdorov'e naseleniya Respubliki Kazakhstan i deyatel'nost' organizatsii zdravookhraneniya v 2001-2018 g.g», Stat. Sborniki [The health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of the health care organization in 2001-2018, Stat. Collections] Nur-Sultan, Astana za 2002-2019 g.g [Nur-Sultan, Astana for 2002-2019]. [in Russian] 10. Kobalava Zh.D., Konradi A.O., Nedogoda S.V. et al. Memorandum ekspertov Rossiiskogo kardiologicheskogo obshchestva po rekomendatsiyam Evropeiskogo obshchestva kardiologov Evropeiskogo obshchestva po arterial'noi gipertenzii po lecheniyu arterial'noi gipertenzii 2018 g. [Memorandum of Experts of the Russian Society of Cardiology on the Recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology European Society for Arterial Hypertension for the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension]. Rossiiskii kardiologicheskii zhurnal [Russian Journal of Cardiology]. 2018; 23(12):131-42. DOI:10.15829/1560-4071-2018-12-131-142 [in Russian] 11. Kobalаva Zh.D. Arterial'naya gipertoniya i ozhirenie: sluchainaya assotsiatsiya ili prichinnosledstvennaya svyaz' [Arterial hypertension and obesity: accidental association or causal relationship]. Klin. farmakol [Klin. Pharmacol]. 2000. №3. pp. 35–39. [in Russian] 12. Krysanova V.S., Zhuravleva M.V., Dralova O.V., Rogacheva O.A., Kameneva T.R. Problema ozhireniya i izbytochnoi massy tela v Rossiiskoi Federatsii i ee farmakoekonomicheskaya otsenka [The problem of obesity and overweight in the Russian Federation and its pharmaco economic assessment]. Al'manakh klinicheskoi meditsiny [Almanac of Clinical Medicine]. 2015. S. 36-41. [in Russian] 13. Mel'nichenko G.A., Romantseva T.I. Ozhirenie: epidemiologiya, klassifikatsiya, patogenez, klinicheskaya simptomatika i diagnostika [Obesity: epidemiology, classification, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms and diagnosis]. M.: MIA 2004. S. 456-457. [in Russian] 14. Ministerstvo Zdravookhraneniya Respubliki Kazakhstan ctatisticheskiy sbornik «Zdorov'ye naseleniya Respubliki Kazakhstan» [Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan Statistical collection "Health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of health organizations in 2019"] Nur-Sultan 2020. [in Russian] 15. Mostovaya L.A., Petrash S.P. Ozhirenie u detei i podrostkov [Obesity in children and adolescents]: Zdorov'ya [Kiev: Health]. 2012. pp. 160-161. [in Russian] 16. Obshchenatsional'noe issledovanie sostoyaniya pitaniya naseleniya (15-80 let) Respubliki Kazakhstan. Kazakhskaya akademiya pitaniya, Programma razvitiya OON [National study of the nutritional status of the population (15-80 years old) of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Kazakh Academy of Nutrition. United Nations Development Program]. - Almaty. 2001. 227 p. [in Russian] 17. Ozhirenie: etiologiya, patogenez, klinicheskie aspekty [Obesity: etiology, pathogenesis, clinical aspects] Pod redaktsiei Dedova I.I., Mel'nichenko G.A., Meditsinskoe informatsionnoe agentstvo [Edited by I.I. Dedova, G.A. Melnichenko Moscow, Medical Information Agency]. 2018. pp. 16-21. [in Russian] 18. Profilaktika izbytochnogo massa tela i ozhireniya (Modul' 2) [Prevention of overweight and obesity (Module 2)] Tazhibaev Sh.S., Balgimbekov Sh.A., Kainarbaeva M.S. Almaty. 2019. pp. 32-34. [in Russian] 19. Oganov R.G., Timofeeva T.N., Koltunov I.E., et al. Epidemiologiya arterial'noi gipertonii v Rossii. Rezul'taty federal'nogo monitoringa 2003-2010 gg. [Epidemiology of arterial hypertension in Russia. Results of federal monitoring 2003-2010] Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika [Cardiovascular therapy and prevention]. 2011; 10(1). [in Russian] 20. Razina A. O., Achkasov E. E., Runenko S. D. Ozhirenie: sovremennyi vzglyad na problemu [Obesity: a modern view of the problem] Ozhirenie i metabolizm [Obesity and metabolism]. 2016. №1. pp. 3-8. [in Russian] 21. Razina A. O., Runenko S. D., Achkasov E. E. Problema ozhireniya: sovremennye tendentsii v Rossii i v mire [Obesity problem: current trends in Russia and in the world] Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii meditsinskikh nauk [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences]. 2016. pp. 154-159. [in Russian] 22. Seisembekov T.Z., Nurgalieva N.K., Zhusupova A.S. et al. Serdechno-sosudistaya zabolevaemost' i smertnost' vzroslogo naseleniya g. Astana [Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of the adult population in Astana] Meditsina [Medicine]. 2018. №11(197). pp. 28–35. [in Russian] 23. Soboleva N.P. Bioimpedansnyi skrining naseleniya Rossii v tsentrakh zdorov'ya: rasprostranennost' izbytochnoi massy tela i ozhireniya [Bioimpedance screening of the Russian population in health centers: the prevalence of overweight and obesity] Rossiiskii meditsinskii zhurnal [Russian Medical Journal]. 2014. [in Russian] 24. Statisticheskii sbornik «Zdorov'e naseleniya RK i deyatel'nost' organizatsii zdravookhraneniya v 2011-2019 godakh» [Statistical collection "Health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of healthcare organizations in 2011-2019]. Astana: 2012-2020. [in Russian] 25. Terekhin S.P., Akhmetova S.V., Molotov-Luchanskii V.B. et al. Problema neinfektsionnykh alimentarno-zavisimykh zabolevanii v sovremennom mire [The problem of non-infectious alimentary-dependent diseases in the modern world]. Meditsina i ekologiya [Medicine and ecology]. 2018. №2 (87). [in Russian] 26. Toktarova N.N., Bazarbekova R.B., Dosanova A.K. Rasprostranennost' sakharnogo diabeta 2 tipa sredi vzroslogo naseleniya Kazakhstana (rezul'taty registrovogo natsional'nogo issledovaniya NOMAD) [Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among the adult population of Kazakhstan (results of the registered national study NOMAD)]. Meditsina [Medicine]. 2017. No.6 (180). pp. 43-51 [in Russian] 27. Sharmanov T.Sh. Pitanie – vazhneishii faktor zdorov'ya cheloveka [Nutrition is the most important factor in human health]. Almaty. 2010. pp. 480-482. [in Russian] 28. Sharmanov T.Sh., Tazhibaev Sh.S., Balgimbekov Sh.A. Rukovodstvo po profilaktike izbytochnoi massy tela i ozhireniya [Guidelines for the prevention of overweight and obesity]. 2012. pp. 84-85. [in Russian] 29. Epidemiologicheskiy monitoring detskogo ozhireniya i faktorov, yego formiruyushchikh, v Respublike Kazakhstan. [Epidemiological monitoring of childhood obesity and factors that form it in the Republic of Kazakhstan] Natsional'nyy otchet [National report]. 2019-2020 [in Russian]
Number of Views: 179

Key words:

Bibliography link

Nurtazina A.U., Koshpesova G.K., Apsalikov B.A., Korostova E.V., Ainabekova B.A., Rib Ye.A., Nildibaeva F.U., Sheryazdanova D.N., Parakhina V.F., Kulimbet M.B., Fakhradiyev I.R., Baspakova A.М., Zhamaliyeva L.M., Saliev T. Obesity, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension - global problems of modern society. Review // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2021, (Vol.23) 5, pp. 149-160. doi 10.34689/SH.2021.23.5.017

Авторизируйтесь для отправки комментариев