PREVALENCE OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT AND ITS CAUSES
Background. Malignant neoplasms are the second leading cause of death in the world. According to UN estimates, about 19.3 million new cases of cancer are registered worldwide every year, over 286 thousand new cases in the upper respiratory tract with a clear predominance of oral and pharyngeal areas, which leads to an annual incidence of 7.3 per 100,000 inhabitants.
The aim. To study the prevalence of upper respiratory tract cancer and its causes in the southern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study for a five-year period (2016-2020). The study covered patients admitted to cancer centers for malignant neoplasm of the upper respiratory tract according to the code C30, C31, C32 according to ICD-10. The data of information systems were used: the portal "Bureau of Hospitalization", the electronic register of inpatient patients, quality management systems of medical services, the complex medical information system «DamuMed».
Results. During the period of our study, 213 cases of upper respiratory tract cancer were collected, which is 32.5 cases per year. The average age of patients was 52.3 ± 4 years. It is most common in the age group of 61-70 years (42.7%). There was a clear predominance of men (83.1%) with a sex ratio of 4.9. A family history of cancer was recorded in 6.5% of patients. Alcohol and tobacco addiction prevailed among the risk factors in 42.7% of cases. However, in 25.4% of cases, no factors contributing to the occurrence of cancer were found.
Conclusion. The results obtained by us have established that upper respiratory tract cancer is relatively common in everyday practice, mainly common in adult men with a history of alcohol and tobacco addiction. The results of the study allowed us to find the factors contributing to the appearance of a malignant neoplasm, as well as to update our local and republican epidemiological data.
Bekzat M. Turmakhanbetov1, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-2447
Zakira A. Kerimbaeva2, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2618-3151
Umytzhan S. Samarova3, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3320-7115
Reeti Debnath4, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-6924
Gulnara Zh. Tokmurzieva5, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-722X
1 Kazakhstan Medical University «Kazakhstan School of Public Health», Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2 NCJSC «Astana Medical University», Nur-Sultan, the Republic of Kazakhstan;
3 NCJSC “Semey medical university”, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
4 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India;
5 RSE on PCV «National Scientific Center of especially dangerous infections named after Masgut Aikimbayev» of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Turmakhanbetov B.M., Kerimbaeva Z.A., Samarova U.S., Reeti Debnath, Tokmurzieva G.Zh. Prevalence of malignant tumors of the upper respiratory tract and its causes // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2022, (Vol.24) 6, pp. 78-85. doi 10.34689/SH.2022.24.6.011Related publications:
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