ПРОГРАММЫ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ИЗБЫТОЧНОГО ВЕСА И ОЖИРЕНИЯ В ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАНАХ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Актуальность. Распространенность ожирения растет тревожными темпами во многих странах мира. Около 2 миллиардов человек имеют избыточный вес, и одна треть из них страдает ожирением. Основываясь на существующих данных о распространенности и тенденциях, а также эпидемиологических данных, связывающих ожирение с целым рядом физических и психосоциальных заболеваний, разумно охарактеризовать ожирение как кризис общественного здравоохранения, который серьезно ухудшает здоровье и качество жизни людей и значительно увеличивает национальные бюджеты здравоохранения. Чтобы обратить вспять нынешние тенденции, срочно требуются межсекторальные действия по борьбе с ожирением и его профилактике.
Цель. Провести анализ данных литературы по программам профилактики избыточного веса и ожирения в зарубежных странах.
Стратегия поиска. Изучены полнотекстовые публикации на английском и русском языках, которые посвящены программам профилактики избыточного веса и ожирения среди детей и взрослых. В процессе поиска литературы использованы следующие поисковые системы: Pubmed, Web of science, Cyberleninka, Google Scholar по ключевым словам избыточный вес, ожирение, эпидемиология, профилактика, факторы риска. Временной период был обозначен 2012-2022 годами. Критерии включения: полнотекстовые публикации на русском и английском языках, находящиеся в открытом доступе и содержащие статистически подтвержденные выводы. Критерии исключения: краткие отчеты, газетные статьи и личные сообщения. По данной теме выявлено 610 публикаций. Из них цели нашего исследования соответствовало 60 публикаций.
Алгоритм отбора литературных источников → Изучение программ по профилактике избыточного веса и ожирения в зарубежных странах → Изучение статей из журналов, научных сборников, диссертаций → Систематизация материала → Анализ литературы и написание статьи.
Результаты и выводы. Из сравнения данных по ожирению за последние годы следует отметить, что во всех странах наблюдается тенденция к увеличению распространенности, хотя многие из этих стран имеют принятые программы профилактики и конкретные стратегии борьбы с ожирением. Возможным объяснением увеличения распространенности ожирения может быть низкая эффективность предлагаемых профилактических мероприятий (т.е. мониторинг, подход заинтересованных сторон и населения, налоги, законодательство, физическая активность и т.д.), определенных в страновых обзорах ВОЗ по питанию, физической активности и ожирению.
Назерке Қ. Сайлауова1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-8847,
Гульнар М. Шалгумбаева1, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3310-4490,
Инабат Н. Ордабаева1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0209-0962,
Аяулым Н. Блушінова1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3939-3860,
Айым Б. Бекежан1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-4897
Лаура А. Пак1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5249-3359
1 НАО «Медицинский университет Семей», г. Семей, Республика Казахстан.
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Сайлауова Н.Қ., Шалгумбаева Г.М., Ордабаева И.Н., Блушінова А.Н., Бекежан А.Б., Пак Л.А. Программы профилактики избыточного веса и ожирения в зарубежных странах. Обзор литературы // Наука и Здравоохранение. 2022. 6(Т.24). С. 221-231. doi 10.34689/SH.2022.24.6.027Похожие публикации:
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