FEATURES OF THE IMMUNE MECHANISMS OF THEWORKERS IN THEIR CONTACT WITH THE DUST OF MULLITE

Abstract

Introduction. According to literature data, the primary mechanisms of cleansing the respiratory
system from dust particles associated with monocyte-macrophage cell system as a front line of immune
defense. The accumulation of metabolic cellular debris is a powerful antigenic stimulus, which
determinant autoimmune and allergic mechanism development of the dust diseases of the Lungs.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune status of the body in conditions exposure
industrial dust mullite with purpose of revealing early immunological criteria formation of
bronchopulmonary pathology.
Methods – prospective, experimental clinical and immunological study of the immune status of all
workers JSC "Borovichi Refractories Plant" on the basis of a number of clinical facilities in St.
Petersburg and Great Novgorod with using complex methods which characterize parameters of the
main immune systems. The workers on survey have informed consent.
Results. Was presented the analysis of changes in cellular and humoral immunity in working in
extremely dusty conditions of the working area dust mullite. A significant reduction in the relative content
of CD3- cells in peripheral blood surveyed, CD4 and CD8 cells deficit against the background of a
simultaneous increasing the content of killer lymphocytes CD16 at highly trained workers. Was revealed
an imbalance of concentration of the main classes of serum immunoglobulin’s.
Conclusions: Was shown that preferential hyperproduction of immunoglobulin class A is very typical
for development exactly dust diseases of the lungs. Multidirectional deviations from normal values of
IgG concentrations and, in particular the, reducing it, it demonstrates the important role antibodies of
this class at long chronic exposure by allergen on the body work.