КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЯ СВИНЦА В ПИТЬЕВОЙ ВОДЕ В ЕВРОПЕ И СМЕРТНОСТЬ ОТ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
Эпидемиологические наблюдения, касающиеся взаимосвязей между жесткостью воды, концентрациями свинца в питьевой воде (Pb) и смертностью от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в Великобритании и Норвегии, позволяют предположить, что свинец, возможно, играет гораздо более важную роль в развитии эпидемии ишемической болезни сердца в США и Европе 20-го века, чем это до сих пор признавалась.
Целью данного исследования был обзор литературы о связи содержания свинца в окружающей среде и крови с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями.
Материалы и методы. Поиск соответствующих научных публикаций проводился в базах данных доказательной медицины (PubMed, CochraneLibrary), специализированных поисковых системах (GoogleScholar). Использовались следующие поисковые фильтры или критерии включения: экологические исследования источников свинца в окружающей среде, питьевой воде и продуктах питания, эпидемиологические исследования взаимосвязи патологии свинца и сердечно-сосудистой системы, жесткости питьевой воды, опубликованные на английском языке, полные версии статей. Предпочтение было отдано исследованиям высокого методологического качества (когортные исследования и обзоры исследований различного дизайна), при отсутствии которых учитывались результаты поперечных исследований.
Исследование было получено путем поиска следующих ключевых слов: питьевая вода и свинец; сердечно-сосудистые заболевания и свинец; смертность и свинец.
Результаты. Была обнаружена корреляция между концентрацией свинца в крови и систолическим и диастолическим артериальным давлением, инсультом и инфарктом. Токсические эффекты Pb могут объяснить связь между жесткостью воды и сердечно-сосудистой смертностью.
Geir Bjørklund 1*
1 Совет по питательной и экологической медицине (CONEM),
г. Мо и Рана, Норвегия.
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