COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF NUCLEAR DISASTERS AT THE SEMIPALATINSK TEST SITE AND THE FUKUSHIMA-1 NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Introduction. Nuclear disasters have complex causes and are accompanied by a wide range of outcomes, from medical demographic and economic to cultural. Comparing them in this regard is of interest in terms of preventing and reducing the degree of damage in the future.
Aim: To assess the leading causes, mechanisms, medical, social and cultural consequences of nuclear incidents associated with the operation of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant.
Materials and methods: Study design - analytical review. The research materials included open information sources (printed publications, information from the Internet), as well as information obtained from the archives of the Research Institute of Radiation Medicine and Ecology of the NAO ICC. The coverage of open data is 10 years, archival sources - all the periods of their formation (since 1953).
Results of the study: A set of data on the history of the problem and risk factors is presented; essence of the disaster; known socio-medical, demographic, socio-economic consequences; the primary reaction of the population and the system of power; the final reaction of the population; conclusions about the relationship of cultural characteristics with the consequences of the disaster in a comparative aspect between the tragedy of the Semipalatinsk test site and the disaster at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant. The presence of significant differences in the nature and scale of disasters and a set of similarities in relation to socio-political and cultural causes and the impact of situations on the population are determined.
Conclusion: Taking into account the cultural aspects of the tragedies of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant is necessary to prevent such situations and reduce the damage caused.
Alima K. Mukanova, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0997-4412
Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi,
Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Mukanova A.K. Comprehensive analysis of the causes and consequences of nuclear disasters at the Semipalatinsk test site and the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2023, (Vol.25) 2, pp. 190-198. doi 10.34689/SH.2023.25.2.017Related publications:
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