RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS WITH OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY ARTERIES IN THE ABAI REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Author(s): Uruzbayeva G.A, Bulegenov T.A., Mussakhanova A.K., Dzhusupov K.O, Ibekenov O.T, Smailova Zh.K., Baibussinova A.Zh., Imanbayev M.N, Zharykbassova F.Zh, Kussainova A.S, Armankyzy A

DOI: 10.34689/SH.2025.27.3.005

Background and Objectives. Obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries (OALEA) is a severe vascular condition that leads to impaired blood supply to the limbs, reduced quality of life, and a high risk of amputations. This study presents a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with OALEA in the Abai region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The objective of the study is to assess the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities, as well as to identify the disease course features and treatment approaches. Materials and Methods. For the retrospective analysis, data from the medical records of patients were obtained from the archive of the University Hospital of Non-profit joint-stock company «Semey Medical University» for the period from 2019 to 2023. The study included patients diagnosed with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries, confirmed through clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examinations. Inclusion criteria for the study were patients aged 18 years and older. A total of 170 patients diagnosed with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries were included in the study. Results. The study included 170 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries, the majority of whom were male (67.6%) with a mean age of 69.55 ± 9.87 years. Most patients (78.2%) were urban residents, and 64.1% were retired and unemployed. Comorbidities were present in 98.8% of cases. Surgical treatment was performed in 96.5% of patients, including above-knee amputations in 44.1% of cases. Conservative therapy was administered to 25.7% of patients. A total of 76.5% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, complications were recorded in 3.5% of cases, and the mortality rate was 4.1%. Conclusions. The study results reflect the significant clinical severity of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries in the Abai region, characterized by a high rate of amputations and limited access to reconstructive interventions. The identified patterns highlight the need to implement an integrated care system focused on early diagnosis, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the expansion of vascular surgery services at the regional level.

Gulmira Uruzbayeva - a PhD student of the Department of of Hospital Surgery, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Non-profit joint-stock company «Semey Medical University», Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. num: +7 705 263 9776, e-mail: gulmira.uruzbayeva@smu.edu.kz, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8897-6865 Tolkyn Bulegenov - Professor of the Department of Hospital and Pediatric Surgery, Non-profit joint-stock company «Semey Medical University», Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6145-9649; e-mail: tolkynbul@mail.ru Akmaral Mussakhanova, Associate Professor of the Department of public health and management, Non-profit joint-stock company «Astana Medical University», Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0399-5045, e-mail: makmaral1@gmail.com Kenesh Dzhusupov - Head of the Public Health Department at the International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-1373, e-mail: k.dzhusupov@ism.edu.kg Onlasyn Ibekenov - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Highest Category Surgeon, Head of the Strategic Block at the National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6605-6435; E-mail: onlasin72@mail.ru; Tel.: 8 707 740 8039; Zhanargul Smailova- Non-profit joint-stock company "Semey Medical University". Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Academic and Educational Work, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4513-4614, e-mail: zhanargul.smailova@smu.edu.kz Assel Baibussinova - Non-profit joint-stock company "Semey Medical University". PhD, Acting Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3447-6245, e-mail: Assel.baibussinova@smu.edu.kz. Merey Imanbayev - Non-profit joint-stock company “Semey Medical University". Acting Head of the Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery named after B.S. Bulanova, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-0440, e-mail: merei_imanbayev@mail.ru Fariza Zharykbassova- Non-profit joint-stock company "Astana Medical University".Professor, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-7454. e-mail: Faryza_zh@mail.ru Arailym Kussainova - PhD doctoral student, Non-profit Joint-stock Company "Semey Medical University". Department of Hospital Surgery,Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6475-8185, e-mail: kusainovaarajlym8@gmail.com Armankyzy Aidana - Non-profit joint-stock company "Semey Medical University".resident - doctor anesthesiologist-resuscitator. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8451-4062, e-mail: armankyzy24@mail.ru

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Key words: obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries, retrospective analysis, public health, medicine.

Category of articles: Original article

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Uruzbayeva G.A., Bulegenov T.A.,. Mussakhanova A.K., Dzhusupov K., Ibekenov O.T., Smailova Zh.K., Baibussinova A.Zh., Imanbayev M.N., Zharykbassova F.Zh., Kussainova A.S., Aidana A. Retrospective analysis of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries in the Abai region of the Republic of Kazakhstan // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2025. Vol.27 (3), pp. 42-52. doi 10.34689/SH.2025.27.3.005