RISK FACTORS AND PREVALENCE OF URINARY INCONTINENCE AMONG WOMEN IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction: Urinary incontinence in women is a common medical and social problem affecting the quality of life and increasing with age, especially after menopause. The main risk factors include age, obesity, childbirth, decreased estrogen levels, chronic diseases, and social and behavioral conditions. Despite its high prevalence, the topic remains insufficiently discussed, which leads to a delay in diagnosis and therapy and an aggravation of psychoemotional consequences [8].
Objective: to analyze the literature on the prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in women in foreign countries, as well as to assess the impact of this condition on the quality of life of women.
Search strategy: scientific publications from the past 10 years were reviewed through databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CyberLeninka, among others.
Research results: the analysis showed that urinary incontinence in women occurs in 20-30% of the general population and in more than 35% over the age of 55, with age, hormonal changes, multiple births, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle being the most significant risk factors. A comparative analysis of international data revealed significant differences in prevalence and access to treatment between high- and low-income countries, as well as the impact of cultural and social barriers on access to care. It has been found that urgent and mixed forms of urinary incontinence worsen the quality of life the most, causing anxiety, depression and decreased social activity. The identified gaps — a lack of longitudinal research, poor adaptation of programs to the cultural context, and limited representation of vulnerable groups — highlight the need to create sustainable, culturally sensitive models of women's care.
Conclusions: urinary incontinence in women is a global public health problem that requires an integrated approach. The existing differences in epidemiology, access to diagnosis and treatment, as well as the lack of data on cultural and age characteristics emphasize the need for interdisciplinary and cross-country research. The development of culturally sensitive and evidence-based programs will increase access to care, improve women's quality of life, and reduce the global burden of this condition.
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Ryspayeva Zh. А., Khismetova Z.A. Berikuly D., Serikova-Esengeldina D.S., Kinayatova Sh.K., Sharipova K.K., Ospanova Sh.Kh. Risk factors and prevalence of urinary incontinence among women in foreign countries. Literature review // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2025. Vol.27 (5), pp. 203-213. doi 10.34689/SH.2025.27.5.024Related publications:
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