IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF PROSTATE CANCER
Background: over the past decade, there was an active search of new diagnostic methods of prostate cancer, providing a more accurate assessment of its outcomes.
Aim: to conduct a systematic search for scientific information on the evaluation of promising biomarkers used to diagnose prostate cancer.
Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications was carried out in evidence-based medicine databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, TripDatabase, ResearchGate) and in electronic scientific libraries (CyberLeninka). Initially, the decision was made to limit the search by the period of 10 years (from January, 2007 to November, 2017), however, due to the limited number of publications found, we expanded our search interval to the period of 15 years (from January 2002 to November 2017). Firstly, the search was carried in automatic mode, after which the search became "manual", which allowed us to reveal a number of additional publications. The inclusion criteria were: 1) papers published in English, Russian and Spanish languages; 2) trials conducted on humans; 3) trials considering only clinically-significant outcomes of prostate cancer (overall mortality cancer-specific mortality, disease-free survival). The exclusion criteria was the publication’s failure to meet the above described inclusion criteria.
Results: all biological markers included in this review can be identified by immunohistochemical studies of prostate tissue samples, obtained through tissue biopsy or prostatectomy. An analysis of the available literature sources made it possible to identify 9 protein molecules whose ability to predict significant clinical outcomes of the disease (survival and mortality) was evaluated in clinical trials.
Conclusions: there is a limited number of publications in the available literature sources dedicated to the capacity of tissue biomarkers to assess prostate cancer outcomes, which justifies the need for further prospective cohort studies. In addition, it seems reasonable to evaluate the combined effect of proteins belonging to different functional groups, which will allow to develop the individualized treatment schemes.
Key words: immunohistochemistry, prostate cancer, tissue biomarkers, survival, mortality.
Bibliography link
Ospanov E.А., Аdylkhanov Т.А., Тоkanova Sh.Е., Semenova Yu.М., Kulabukhova N.S., Dauletyarova M.А., Moore M.A. Immunohistochemistry in the diagnostics of prostate cancer. Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2017, 6, pp. 131-146.