Science & Healthcare

Introduction: Human resources are the most important part of any healthcare system, the performance of which depends entirely on the knowledge, skills and motivation of those responsible for providing health services. At the same time, the development of human resources lays in the field of scientific knowledge where there are no simple answers, and refusal to interfere in the market of human capital leads to a backlog formation that can drag on for years and even decades. Stimulation of labor and management of human resources affect the utilization of all resources of any healthcare system. The cornerstone of effective human resource management is the creation of an individual incentive system based on investment in human capital, which can be expressed in the form of material incentives, creating career opportunities and improving working conditions.

Aim: to systematically search for scientific information to study the measures of motivational influence used to stimulate the work of medical workers in the health systems of different countries of the world

Materials and methods. The search for scientific publications was carried out in evidence-based medicine databases (Elsevier, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, TripDatabase, ResearchGate) and in electronic scientific libraries (CyberLeninka). A total of 4,541 literature sources were found, of which 74 were selected for further analysis. After the automatic search phase was completed and duplicate publications were eliminated, the "manual" search of publications was performed, which allowed us to identify additionally 6 literature sources included in this review.

Results: human resources management is fundamentally different from the management of financial or physical resources. The status of a medical worker, which manifests itself in the form of public respect, recognition and support, is closely related to the labor motivation. Positive feedback from managerial staff, colleagues and the population served, based on the results of medical work is the main motivational factor, along with the receipt of material benefits. In ideal conditions, the satisfaction of these needs becomes the core of labor motivation. In general, medical specialties are attractive to people who enjoy the idea of being useful to society and taking care of people.

Conclusions: labor activity provides an individual with not just means for existence, but also creates a wide field of other possibilities, like creativity, self-realization and self-actualization, which are most fully manifested in people of intellectual professions. However, the need for self-actualization is shaped by an individual and it cannot be stimulated from the outside, since only the conditions for its emergence could be established. Commitment to his/her profession, altruism and compassion are the most pronounced motivators for doctors, followed by the receipt of material benefits.