FEATURES OF DIAGNOSTICS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE DESTRUCTIVE CALCULOSIS CHOLECYSTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY. LITERATURE REVIEW.
Introduction: Acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is one of the most common pathologies, which is an important problem of modern surgery and has tended to increase in recent decades. Each year, more than two million operations are performed worldwide (mainly cases of cholecystectomy). Mortality in case of acute calculous cholecystitis in emergency surgical situations reaches more than 50%, while with planned interventions in the background of minimized inflammatory reactions, comprehensive examination and preparation of the patient for surgery, the mortality rate does not exceed 1%.
Objective: To review the literature on the features of diagnosis and surgical treatment of acute destructive calculous cholecystitis in patients with overweight and obesity.
Research methods: The search for literature was carried out in search engines: Pubmed, Google Academy, elibrary.ru, as well as in the “manual way”. The search depth of Pubmed, Google Academy, elibrary.ru, as well as the “manual way”, was not limited. The following filters were applied: full text, humans. Criteria for the inclusion of publications in the review: publications that are in full-text access in Russian and English, carrying statistically verified conclusions. Exclusion criteria: repetitive data, summary of reports, newspaper publications, private messages.
Results: The main risk factors for the development of ACC are obesity and overweight, hypercholesterolemia, pathological heredity, and belonging to the female sex. A link has been established between ACC, body mass index (BMI) and the risk of developing ACC. There is a dose-dependent positive relationship. The results of studying the effect of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass on the prognosis of patients with ACC turned out to be contradictory. These features are the cause of frequent surgical complications and adverse outcomes of the disease. The prevalence of postoperative complications in elderly patients who are overweight exceeds 44%, and the mortality rate exceeds 27%, according to the results of other studies, this figure reaches 62% despite the introduction of modern operational methods into practice.
Conclusions: Thus, high prevalence rates, frequent complications of ACC, the presence of numerous risk factors for its development necessitate the search for the most optimal methods for timely diagnosis and treatment of this disease
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Aimagambetov M.Zh., Abdrakhmanov S.T., Bulegenov T.A., Omarov N.B., Noso Yo., Auenov M.A., Asylbekov E.M. Features of diagnostics and surgical treatment of acute destructive calculosis cholecystitis in patients with overweight and obesity. Literature review. Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2019, (Vol.21) 3, pp. 54-67.Related publications:
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