THE PROBLEM OF SACRAL DISMORPHISM IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY: LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction. Anatomical differences in the relationship between the lumbar spine and the sacrum continue to play an important role in the formation of spinal deformities, low back pain, and pelvic injuries.
The aim of the study is analysis of literary sources on various types of sacral dysmorphism, associated pathological conditions, their diagnosis and surgical correction
Search strategy. A search was conducted for literature sources published in English in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase database over the past 10 years, using the keywords: “sacral dysmorphism”, “lumbosacral transitional vertebrae”, “LSTV”, “transitional lumbosacral vertebrae”. A total of 131 relevant publications were found according to the selection criteria, of which 32 relevant scientific publications were taken into the analysis.
Results. Various types of sacral dysmorphism are described in several classifications, the most famous of which is the Castellvi-Chan classification (1984). Authors of various studies have established a statistically significant association between sacral dysmorphism and sacroiliac dysfunction, as well as between low back pains. Percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation under fluoroscopic guidance is an effective method for stabilizing the pelvis. However, due to sacral dysmorphic disorder, the placement of sacral screws becomes impossible or very difficult.
Conclusion. When preoperatively planning surgical fixation of the posterior ring of the pelvis, it is necessary to take into account the need to identify dysmorphic characteristics, and if they are present, to select the safest bone corridor based on the analysis of computed tomograms and prepare the appropriate tools for surgical techniques. In addition, it is necessary to analyze the bone mineral density between S1 and S2 in normal and dysmorphic sacrum.
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Kassymov K.T., Tlemissov A.S., Zhunussov E.T., Akimzhanov K.D., Pivina L.M. The problem of sacral dismorphism in orthopedic surgery and traumatology: literature review // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2023, (Vol.25) 4, pp. 224-230. doi 10.34689/SH.2023.25.4.027Related publications:
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