HOST GENETIC FACTORS DETERMINING COVID-19 SUSCEPTIBILITY AND SEVERITY
Introduction: The 2019 worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has wreaked havoc on health systems and economies around the world. SARS-CoV-2 infections range from asymptomatic to severe courses of COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. Risk factors for disease severity include older age, male sex, increased BMI, comorbidities and ethnicity. The impact of the host genetic to the development of infectious diseases, causing susceptibility to a variety of viruses, as well as influencing the course of the disease has been confirmed in numerous studies indicating the existence of candidate genes for predisposition to infections. Objective: Conduct an analysis of literature data to study the impact of host genetics on the susceptibility and severity of the course of coronavirus infection COVID-19. Search strategy: Informational analysis of articles on host genetic factors affecting the severity of the course of coronavirus infection COVID-19 was carried out in the open scientific databases Pubmed and Web of science according to keywords. Results and conclusion: Several common and rare gene variants associated with inflammation and immune response in COVID-19 have been identified. The literature review focuses on research on the impact of host genetics to susceptibility and severity of coronavirus infection COVID-19. We discuss candidate genes that should be investigated further to understand such associations and provide insights relevant to pathogenesis and risk classification. Knowledge of the risk factors for COVID-19 infection is essential to determine the most appropriate measures and a quick response to mitigate the threat of recurrent outbreaks.
Akbota M. Aitkulova1*, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5016-0932 Saule E. Rakhimova2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8245-2400 Ulan A. Kozhamkulov2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9782-7631 Ulykbek E. Kairov2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-8511-8064 Ruslan N. Kalendar2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-3986-2460 Almagul R. Kushugulova2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9479-0899 Makhabbat S. Bekbossynova3, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-3437-0512 Ainur R. Akilzhanova2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6161-8355 Dos D. Sarbassov1,2, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6848-1133 1 JSC "Nazarbayev University", Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan; 2 PI “National Laboratory Astana”, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan; 3 СJSC “National Scientific Cardiac Surgery Center”, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Aitkulova A.M., Rakhimova S.E., Kozhamkulov U.A., Kairov U.E., Kalendar R.N., Kushugulova A.R., Bekbossynova M.S., Akilzhanova A.R., Sarbassov D.D. Host genetic factors determining COVID-19 susceptibility and severity // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2021, (Vol.23) 6, pp. 15-25. doi 10.34689/SH.2021.23.6.002

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