Science & Healthcare

Introduction. According to literature data, the primary mechanisms of cleansing the respiratory system from dust particles associated with monocyte-macrophage cell system as a front line of immune defense. The accumulation of metabolic cellular debris is a powerful antigenic stimulus, which determinant autoimmune and allergic mechanism development of the dust diseases of the Lungs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune status of the body in conditions exposure industrial dust mullite with purpose of revealing early immunological criteria formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.

Methods – prospective, experimental clinical and immunological study of the immune status of all workers JSC "Borovichi Refractories Plant" on the basis of a number of clinical facilities in St. Petersburg and Great Novgorod with using complex methods which characterize parameters of the main immune systems. The workers on survey have informed consent.

Results. Was presented the analysis of changes in cellular and humoral immunity in working in extremely dusty conditions of the working area dust mullite. A significant reduction in the relative content of CD3- cells in peripheral blood surveyed, CD4 and CD8 cells deficit against the background of a simultaneous increasing the content of killer lymphocytes CD16 at highly trained workers. Was revealed an imbalance of concentration of the main classes of serum immunoglobulin’s.

Conclusions: Was shown that preferential hyperproduction of immunoglobulin class A is very typical for development exactly dust diseases of the lungs. Multidirectional deviations from normal values of IgG concentrations and, in particular the, reducing it, it demonstrates the important role antibodies of this class at long chronic exposure by allergen on the body work.