Science & Healthcare

A valuable trend in modern oncology it is improving the conservative treatment of rectal cancer, as one of the most common and dangerous form of malignancies

The purpose of the research – identifying of opportunities for correction of endothelial dysfunction in patients with rectal cancer and assessment of its impact on the state of the hemostatic system and the risk of thrombotic complications.

Materials and methods. The study included 86 patients with rectal cancer, including 45 men (52.3%), 41 women (47.7%) aged 45 to 70 years (mean age 62,3±1,8 years). The indices of vascular-platelet hemostasis systems: platelet aggregation; content of von Willebrand factor; for endothelial function: the content of circulating endothelial cells, NO metabolites in the blood; endothelium-dependent vasodilation.

Results of the research. Investigated indicators of vascular endothelium revealed a statistically significant excess of circulating endothelial cells, NO metabolites in the blood. There was also a significant decline in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The degree of disorders depended on the clinical stage. Endothelial dysfunction was accompanied by disorders of the vascular-platelet hemostasis. Recent expressed in increased platelet aggregation, disaggregation and decrease excess content of von Willebrand factor in the blood. Hemostatic and endothelial disorders influenced on the risk of thrombotic complications. Using, as part of the treatment, the drug from the statin group contributed to the correction of endothelial disorders and hemostasis. In general, in all patients the frequency of thrombosis was 36.0%. There were statistically significant differences between the groups allocated depending on the use of statins. They amounted for 45.2%, p = 0.035. Development of thrombotic complications, during the correction, proved later.

Conclusions. There is a pronounced dysfunction of the vascular endothelium in patients with rectal cancer. The using of the drug from the statin group provides dynamics to its correction, which helps to reduce the frequency and increase in terms of the development of thrombotic complications.