Science & Healthcare

Introduction. Tobacco dependence has negative impact on all organs and systems of a human body, including on the frequency of stomatologic diseases. However there are contradictory data on impact of the use of tobacco on development of stomatologic pathology.

Research objective. To estimate influence of tobacco dependence on development of oral cavity pathology in population of the East Kazakhstan region.

Methods. Materials of primary and repeated registration of patients with oral cavity pathology and the dental-maxillary system passing diagnostic and medical actions are analysed. Clinical examination and poll of patients with use of techniques of detection of tobacco dependence is conducted. Research included 237 patients aged from 20 till 75 years. Calculation of relative risk between groups of smokers and non-smoking patients (Risk ratio) is carried out. Boundary criterion for a denial of a zero hypothesis accepted p<0,05.

Results. As a result of research the big general frequency of diseases of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity and dental-maxillary system at surveyed with tobacco dependence is revealed. Average frequency of the studied pathologies made 1,86 on 1 smoker of the patient and 1,25 – on non-smoking (RR=1,49, p=0,03). At the use of chewing or snuff tobacco the corresponding indicators made 2,69 in comparison with 1,25 in subgroup of patients of dental clinics without tobacco dependence (RR=2,15, p=0,01).

Conclusions. At persons with tobacco dependence excess of frequency of such clinically significant pathologies as the complicated forms of caries, diseases of a pulp and the periapikalnykh of fabrics, periodontosis, pretumoral diseases of a mucous membrane of a mouth is noted. The important factors defining risk of development of damages of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity and dental-maxillary system at persons with tobacco dependence are duration and intensity of smoking.