ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH RISK OF THE POPULATION LIVING IN THE REGION OF THE LOCATION OF THE FACILITIES OF THE PAVLODAR ALUMINUM PLANT OF JSC "ALUMINUM OF KAZAKHSTAN"
Introduction: Studies of the negative impact of emissions from industrial enterprises polluting the environment and the risk of public health have particular importance.
The purpose of this investigation is to assess the impact on the health of the population of the city of Pavlodar of priority pollutants of atmospheric air.
Methods and materials: The study design was cross-sectional long-term. To assess the risk to public health, the results of studies of the levels of chemical pollution of the atmospheric air of the city of Pavlodar, carried out by the laboratories of the Branches of the RSE at the National Center of Expertise of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Control Committee of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, were used. The data for the last 3.5 years (the period from 2018 to the first half of 2021) are analyzed. The risk assessment was carried out from the actual data of chemicals in the atmospheric air of the city of Pavlodar, presented in the annual newsletter of RSE "Kazhydromet". The study was carried out within the framework of the project: "National program for the introduction of personalized and preventive medicine in the Republic of Kazakhstan" URN OR12165486 (Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov).
Statistical processing of the material included calculations of indicators, their errors and the reliability of the difference using the Student's t-test, correlation coefficient, relative risk.
Results: High mortality rates were found for respiratory diseases, neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system. In Pavlodar, the indicators of primary morbidity of the population with all diseases, respiratory diseases, neoplasms, cardiovascular pathology and diseases of the nervous system were higher than the republican levels.
Conclusions: High values of health hazard coefficients are recorded for suspended substances (dust), PM2.5 and PM10 in all years of observation. The highest values of the hazard coefficients are recorded with the effects of summation according to the direction of action on the respiratory organs, both in acute and chronic inhalation exposures.
According to the results of the calculated assessment of the risk of mortality from the effects of factors of atmospheric air pollution of the city with suspended particles PM2.5, high levels of non-traumatic mortality (more than 1*10-3) and the average mortality rate from cardiopulmonary diseases (more than 1*10-4, but less than 1*10-3) were revealed, which determine their unacceptability for the population as a whole and requires planned recreational activities.
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Imasheva B.S., Askarov K.A., Imashev M.S., Kereybaeva A.N., Tokbergenov E.T., Kuatbaeva A.M. Assessment of the health risk of the population living in the region of the location of the facilities of the Pavlodar aluminum plant OF JSC "Aluminum of Kazakhstan" // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2022, (Vol.24) 3, pp. 66-77. doi 10.34689/SH.2022.24.3.010Related publications:
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