СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКИМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕМ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
актуальным и дискутабельным вопросом в сфере здравоохранения, так как предоставление высококвалифицированной медицинской помощи зависит напрямую от компетентности практикующих врачей, что в свою очередь является следствием работы общей системы подготовки кадров. Медицинское образование требует к себе более пристального внимания с каждым днем, для того, чтобы специалисты по окончанию обучения обладали всеми необходимыми навыками для реализации общей врачебной миссии. За последние пять лет «безопасность» пациентов занимает лидирующие позиции политики здравоохранения разных стран мира и является ключевым компонентом качества оказания медицинских услуг. В связи с вышеизложенным вырос спрос на разработку новых учебных планов с учетом критериев безопасности пациентов для врачей различных специальностей на всех этапах оказания медицинской помощи, что создает дополнительные обязанности для педагогов медицинских учебных заведений.
Цель: Проанализировать публикации, посвященные вопросам изучения современного состояния методов управления в медицинском образовании.
Стратегия поиска: поиск литературы был осуществлен в электронных базах PubMed, Google Scholar и e-library по ключевым словам (медицинское образование, управление, оценивание, дизайнерское мышление. Релевантные работы, отражающие характеристики проблемы были приняты для описания в обзоре.
Результаты: По результатам рассмотренных исследований в области управления в медицинском образовании рассмотрена эволюция методов оценивания, в том числе метод проблемного обучения и компетентностного подхода, а также различные вариации проектного и дизайнерского мышления. Особое внимание было уделено «цифровизации», так как электронное обучение позволяет использовать доступные IT-технологии для предоставления широкого спектра образовательных услуг.
Выводы: Изучение эффективности образования является сложным, но мы должны быть в состоянии выполнять исследования более высокого качества, чем те, которые рассмотрены здесь, особенно при сравнении методов управления. Как показал наш обзор, необходимо лучше определять метод обучения и контролировать то, что на самом деле происходит в образовательной практике. Мы нашли несколько соответствующих исследований различного качества. В нашей работе рассматриваются несколько способов обеспечения эффективности программ оценки, включая использование правильной комбинации методов оценки и проведение тщательного отбора и обучения экспертов. Кроме того, в обзоре отмечается, что для реализации своего потенциала в качестве движущей силы в развитии стажеров, качественном уходе и безопасности пациентов требуется эффективное управление информацией и документирование, а также постоянное рассмотрение путей улучшения системы оценки.
Максут Т. Сенбеков 1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3954-1317
Гульнара Ж. Токмурзиева 2
1 Казахский Национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. Асфендиярова,
г. Алматы, Республика Казахстан;
2 Алматинский филиал Национального центра общественного здравоохранения,
г. Алматы, Республика Казахстан.
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48. Manzini E. New design knowledge. Design studies. 2009. Т. 30. №. 1. С. 4-12.
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53. Nair B.R., Finucane P.M. Reforming medical education to enhance the management of chronic disease. Med J Aust. 2003, 179: 257–59.
54. Niccum B.A. et al. Innovation and entrepreneurship programs in US medical education: a landscape review and thematic analysis. Medical education online. 2017. Т. 22. №. 1. С. 1360722.
55. Norcini J.J., McKinley D.W. Assessment methods in medical education. Teaching and teacher education. – 2007. Т. 23. №. 3. С. 239-250.
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Сенбеков М.Т., Токмурзиева Г.Ж. Совершенствование методов управления медицинским образованием. Обзор литературы. // Наука и Здравоохранение. 2020. 1 (Т.22). С.27-38. doi: 10.34689/SH.2020.22.1.003Похожие публикации:
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