ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ВАРИАНТЫ МЕДУЛЛОБЛАСТОМЫ У ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДХОДЫ К ЕЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЮ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ.
Актуальность: Медуллобластома – одна из наиболее распространенных злокачественных новообразований ЦНС в детском возрасте. Генетические особенности заболевания могут играть важную роль в определении подходов к лечению, но до настоящего времени этот аспект изучен недостаточно.
Цель: Общая характеристика современных сведений о генетических вариантах медуллобластомы в контексте возможности целенаправленного формирования траектории лечения.
Стратегия поиска: Проведен поиск научных публикаций в поисковых системах PubMed, eLibrary.ru, Google Scholar. Проанализирован ряд оригинальных публикаций и обзоров по направлению исследования за 2012-2022 гг, но также были включены публикации ранее 2012 года, так как они содержат информацию, касательно данной патологии в детском возрасте и классические базовые подходы в терапии и стратификации болезни. Отбор публикаций осуществлялся в соответствии с целью обзора – максимально полной и компактной характеристики генетики медуллобластомы в соответствии с современным лечением.
Результаты и выводы: В целом в настоящее время имеются существенные основания для разработки дифференцированных подходов к лечению МБ у детей, основанных на различных видах побочных действий на лучевую и химиотерапию. Однако даже в мировой медицине практическое использование таких подходов ограничено. В настоящее время четко определены 4 основных генетических типа медуллобластомы, имеющие множество подтипов, в связи с чем выдвинуты некоторые гипотезы о диэскалации терапии. Данные о влиянии генетических типов на лечение ограничиваются единичными исследованиями, и окончательных утвержденных заключений, согласно выдвинутым гипотезам в рекомендательных материалах не отражены.
Райгуль Р. Нусупова1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-4446
Лаура А. Пак2, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5249-3359
Мейрам С. Мулдахметов1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8389-2061
Бакыткали А. Ибраимов3
1 НАО «Медицинский университет Астана», г. Нур-Султан, Республика Казахстан;
2 НАО «Медицинский университет Семей», г. Семей, Республика Казахстан;
3 Корпоративный Фонд «University Medical Center», г. Нур-Султан, Республика Казахстан.
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Нусупова Р.Р., Пак Л.А., Мулдахметов М.С., Ибраимов Б.А. Генетические варианты медуллобластомы у детей и подходы к ее лечению. Обзор литературы // Наука и Здравоохранение. 2022. 5(Т.24). С. 166-178. doi 10.34689/SH.2022.24.5.021Похожие публикации:
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