PARKINSON'S DISEASE RISK FACTORS. REVIEW
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD), in recent decades, remains a pressing problem in the modern world. The disease refers to the pathology of the extrapyramidal system, where the deep parts of the brain, the so-called basal ganglia, are affected. During a medical examination, at first glance, movement disorders are striking, and the patient himself or his relatives make complaints related to movement disorders. However, the disease, by the time the complaints were made, takes its beginning 5-10 years ago with non-motor manifestations, such as sleep disturbances, apathy, increased fatigue, and constipation. According to genetic studies, 10 to 15% of cases are caused by mutations in genes. The etiology of the disease is still unclear, but it is considered a consequence of the associated effects of genetic and environmental factors.
Aim: This review evaluates relevant information on the risk factors for Parkinson's disease.
Search Strategy. A literature review was conducted with the help of bibliographic databases Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus with the search keywords: Parkinson's disease, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, gender, age. The depth of the search covered 10 years, from 2011 to 2021. Forty-three articles have been selected as analytical material and have undergone a critical evaluation process. In several cases, there is a reference to an earlier publication with historical and scientific value. The literature search included only English-language publications.
Results and Conclusions. In summary, after analyzing 43 articles, it was concluded that PD is a complex neurodegenerative disease resulting from the interaction of genetic and external factors, which, as a consequence, affect numerous fundamental cellular processes of the body. Therefore, environmental influences can contribute to the development of PD, which emphasizes the importance of identifying risk factors for the disease. Understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis will enable the identification of new therapeutic targets, which will subsequently help in the development of new combined, possibly individualized treatments.
Saltanat O. Abdraimova1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-2330
Nazira A. Zharkinbekova1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-1562
1 South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Rehabilitation and Neurosurgery, Shymkent, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Abdraimova S.O., Zharkinbekova N.A. Parkinson's disease risk factors. Review // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2022, (Vol.24) 6, pp. 245-250. doi 10.34689/SH.2022.24.6.029Похожие публикации:
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