ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction. Pathology of the cardiovascular system is the leading cause in the structure of the causes of death in all countries of the world in recent decades. The impact of ionizing radiation on the cardiovascular system is a complex process that includes various molecular and cellular mechanisms that lead to tissue damage and disruption of their functions. The aim of our research was the analysis and evaluation of modern literature data on the possible association between exposure to ionizing radiation and the development of diseases of cardiovascular system.
Search strategy. For the search and analysis of scientific data, we used databases and web resources: MEDLINE, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Cyberleninka, and eLIBRARY. 124 literary sources were identified, of which 48 publications were the basis of the analytical material for this article.
Results. The development of circulatory diseases due to radiation exposure is based on damage to the vascular intima, primarily in the coronary arteries, changes in the endothelium associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and low-intensity inflammation leading to the development of atherosclerosis. Acute radiation injury to the heart is associated with inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, while chronic radiation injury is associated with myocardial fibrosis. High doses of radiation to the cardiovascular system are typically associated with radiation therapy for cancers such as breast or lung cancer. Low doses of radiation are typical for radiation situations associated with occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, as well as for residents of radiation-contaminated, environmentally unfavorable areas due to nuclear weapons testing or radiation accidents.
Conclusion. The results of the literature review demonstrate a clear link between radiation exposure over a wide range of doses and excess risks of circulatory diseases, primarily coronary heart disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, and hypertension.
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Alibayeva G.A., Pivina L.M., Orekhov А.Yu., Chaizhunussova N.Zh., Baibussinova А.Zh., Abenova М.B., Sabitova V.R., Lipikhina А.V., Massabayeva М.R., Smailova Zh.K., Ygiyeva D.G., Zhumagaliyev A.G., Batenova G.B., Kozhanova S.K., Mukanova D.A., Lepesbayev M.N., Akhmadiyeva T.A., Orazalina A.S., Apbassova S.A., Shabdarbayeva D.M., Dyussupov A.А. Association between exposure to ionizing radiation and the development of cardiovascular diseases: a literature review // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2025. Vol.27 (5), pp. 140-147. doi 10.34689/SH.2025.27.5.014.Похожие публикации:
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