THE ROLE OF IMAGING DIAGNOSIS IN ACUTE CEREBRAL CIRCULATORY FAILURE IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITALS ALMATY
Introduction. Acute cerebral circulatory failure (ACCF) remains one of the most serious medical problems of modern society. This condition requires immediate diagnosis and intervention to minimize its consequences and save patients’ lives. This article discusses the important role of imaging diagnostics in the process of detection and evaluation of ACCF, in particular radial diagnostics, especially in multidisciplinary hospitals.
The study aims to analyze cases of acute cerebral circulation disorders and the experience of using radial diagnostics in multidisciplinary hospitals of Almaty.
Materials and methods: The type of research was chosen: quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and descriptive. This retrospective study was conducted based on data analysis from "Implementation of the Roadmap for the Introduction of an Integrated Acute Stroke Management Model in Almaty in 2020." A total of 3291 patients with ischemic stroke and 748 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were diagnosed and hospitalized in the stroke units of multi-specialty hospitals - City Clinical Hospital No. 7, City Clinical Hospital No. 4, and the City Emergency Hospital in Almaty. The ethics committee of the Local Ethical Committee of the Kazakhstan Medical University "KSPH" approved this study (IRB –A161 24.03.2022). Research materials were obtained after receiving permission from the institution's management. The leaders were informed about the progress of the study and expressed no objections to its conduct and the publication of its results. Statistical methods included descriptive and analytical techniques. Data analysis was conducted using the MS Excel software package, and visualization was performed using the DataWrapper program.
Results. A study of acute cerebral circulatory disorders in Almaty showed that mortality from stroke increased in 2020 to 16.5% in the City Emergency Hospital and 14.1% in Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 7, driven by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated delays in seeking care. Radiological diagnostics, including MRI (83.0% of patients) and CT (94.0% of patients), proved to be key in treatment management, although access to such services was heterogeneous due to economic barriers. Measures to intensify prevention programs and improve the qualifications of medical personnel are proposed to reduce disability and mortality from stroke, including improved access to diagnosis and primary prevention.
Conclusions: Ischemic stroke is the main cause of mortality among patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders in multidisciplinary hospitals of Almaty, which requires strengthening the role of primary prevention and improving dispensary practices in urban polyclinics. Radiological diagnostics, including MRI and CT of the brain, is an integral part of stroke diagnosis and treatment in Almaty and plays a key role in determining the type and extent of brain damage. However, despite the widespread availability of these diagnostic methods through budgetary funding, there is still a problem of insufficient coverage of dispensaries due to the redistribution of medical personnel in the context of the pandemic and the closure of medical institutions. This leads to delays in diagnosis and initiation of treatment, which aggravates disease outcomes and increases the risk of mortality among stroke patients. Thus, although radiotherapy is available, systemic healthcare problems limit its effectiveness in controlling stroke at the population level.
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Adenova G.M., Kausova G.K., Brukhanov A.V. The role of imaging diagnosis in acute cerebral circulatory failure in multidisciplinary hospitals Almaty // Nauka i Zdravookhranenie [Science & Healthcare]. 2024. Vol.26 (2), pp. 60-67. doi 10.34689/SH.2024.26.2.008Related publications:
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