Ғылым және денсаулық сақтау

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) present a new drug threat emerged on the world stage in the middle 2000s. An increasing number of literature data demonstrate the harmful nature of this class of psychoactive substances.

The study of polymorphisms of genes responsible for the development of arterial hypertension is a promising direction of medicine. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease that depends on lifestyle, environment and nutrition, as well as polymorphisms of genes. Polymorphisms of the genes of the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

This article is devoted to a review of the literature of thyroid gland tumors, which are the most frequent endocrine pathology. Palpable nodes of thyroid gland could be with frequency of about 5% in women and 1% in men. Such kind of tumors mainly are discovered by ultrasound investigation in 70% of randomly selected people, with higher frequencies in women and the elderly. Now many studies are carried out.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an urgent problem of modern medicine, which is confirmed by a steady increase in the incidence, economic costs of treatment and disability of patients. Since the knee joint is three-component, the radiological manifestations of the disease are numerous. The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) is one of the most frequently affected parts. Although PFJ OA is observed frequently, this particular subgroup of diseases is largely unrecognized. Recent studies show that PFJ is not only an important source of OA knee arthritis symptoms, but people suffering from PFJ OA show signs o...